Karl Marxfriedrich Engels was a German philosopher, economist, sociologist, historian, journalist, and revolutionary socialist. His work in politics and social sciences laid the foundation for much of the 20th century's thought on these subjects. Engels was born in 1820 in Barmen, Germany. He was the eldest son of a prosperous textile manufacturer. His family was Lutheran but not devout, and he was educated at a series of private schools. He began to study philosophy at the University of Berlin in 1838 but soon became more interested in the emerging science of economics. In 1841, he transferred to the University of Bonn to study under the noted economist Friedrich Karl von Savigny. However, Engels was more interested in the radical ideas of the Young Hegelians and soon became involved in leftist politics. He was expelled from the University of Bonn in 1842 for his involvement in a student protest. Engels then returned to Berlin and began working as a journalist. He also began collaborating with Karl Marx, who would become his lifelong friend and collaborator. In 1848, they published The Communist Manifesto, which outlined their vision for a new society based on economic and social equality. The Manifesto was unsuccessful in sparking a revolution, but it did make Marx and Engels internationally famous. They continued to work together on a number of other projects, including the multi-volume work Das Kapital. Engels died in 1895, just a few years before Marx. Their work would continue to have a profound impact on the world for centuries to come.